Ships that failed to reach the equator latitude on the East African coast by late August would be stuck in Africa and have to wait until next Spring to undertake an Indian Ocean crossing. The critical step was ensuring the armada reached East Africa on time. Overall, the round trip took a little over a year, minimizing the time at sea. The return trip from India would typically begin in January, taking the winter monsoon back to Lisbon along a similar route, arriving by the summer (June–August). The ideal timing was to pass the Cape of Good Hope around June–July and get to the East African middle coast by August, just in time to catch the summer monsoon winds to India, arriving around early September. blew from East Africa to India) in the summer (between May and September) and then abruptly reversed itself and became a northeasterly (from India to Africa) in the winter (between October and April). The monsoon was a southwesterly wind (i.e. The critical determinant of the timing was the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean. The India armada typically left Lisbon and each leg of the voyage took approximately six months. Timing The route of Vasco da Gama's first voyage (1497–1499), what became the typical Carreira da Índia Between 14, there were 1033 departures of ships at Lisbon for the Carreira da Índia ("India Run"). During the Dutch occupation of Cochin and the Dutch siege of Goa, the harbour of Bom Bahia, now known as Mumbai (Bombay), off the coast of the northern Konkan region, served as the standard diversion for the armadas.įor a long time after its discovery by Vasco da Gama, the sea route to India via the Cape of Good Hope was dominated by the Portuguese Indian armada – the annual fleet dispatched from Portugal to India, and after 1505, the Estado da India.
These armadas undertook the Carreira da Índia ( ' India Run ') from Portugal, following the maritime discovery of the Cape route, to the Indian Subcontinent by Vasco da Gama in 1497–99. The principal destination was Goa, and previously Cochin. The Portuguese Indian Armadas ( Portuguese: Armadas da Índia) were the fleets of ships funded by the Crown of Portugal, and dispatched on an annual basis from Portugal to India. From painting, attributed to either Gregório Lopes or Cornelis Antoniszoon, showing voyage of the marriage party of Portuguese Infanta Beatriz to Savoy, 1521. Main article: Age of Discovery The large carrack, thought to be the Santa Catarina do Monte Sinai, and other Portuguese carracks of various sizes.
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